The aim of this study was to determine the effects of the addition of Safflower, Sunflower and Corn vegetable oils to dairy cattle rations on in vitro gas and methane production, true dry matter (TDMD), organic matter (TOMD) and NDF (TNDFD) digestibilities values ​​and microbial protein (MP) production. Dairy cattle TMR ration consisting of milk feed, corn silage, alfalfa hay and meadow hay was prepared as the control group, and the experimental groups were prepared with the addition of safflower, sunflower and corn vegetable oils at the level of 3% in each of the control groups, respectively.  Vegetable oils added to the diet significantly affected in vitro gas production and organic matter digestibility (OMD). Methane (ml) production values ​​in the experimental groups varied between 10.00 and 10.71 ml. The Metabolic energy (ME) and OMD values ​​of the control and experimental groups varied between 7.00 and 7.29 MJ/kg DM and between 53.78 and 51.20. TDMD values ​​of the rations were determined between 48.49 and 52.63%. While the control group had the highest TDMD value, the ration containing safflower oil had the lowest TDMD value. TNDFS values ​​of the rations varied between 67.26 and 68.80%. As a result; Since the vegetable oils added to the ration increase the net energy lactation (NEL) content of the ration, it can be said that it used to meet the energy needs of high milk yielding cattle in the lactation period, provided that they do not exceed the upper limits specified in the literature.

This study aims to investigate the effect of Salicylic acid (2 mM), Folic acid (5 mg L−1) and Ascorbic acid (2 mM) treatments on the shelf life and quality of 'Belstar F1' broccoli variety. Treated broccoli heads were stored at 21±2˚C for 4 days in plastic containers with lids. It is determined that at the end of the storage period, the lowest weight loss (2.74%), total soluble solids (8.07%), pH value (7.14) and the highest amount of titratable acidity (0.12%) were found in the group treated with ascorbic acid and the least change in color parameters (L*; 29.41, a*; -4.59, b*; 10.78) and the highest total chlorophyll content (0.32 mg/g) in the group treated with folic acid. It is thought that the effects of ascorbic acid, salicylic acid and folic acid treatment at postharvest storage period should be investigated in detail in molecular and biochemical studies for more concrete data.

In the study, it has been tried to determine the dimensions of seasonal female and child labor employed in cotton agriculture in Mardin province and the factors that are effective in the seasonal agricultural workers working in cotton harvesting themselves and their children. For this purpose, the data obtained by face-to-face interviews with 150 seasonal female workers in the cotton-producing villages of Mardin province were determined by simple random sampling method. It was used in the analysis of the probit model with the LIMDEP statistical program. In the study, according to the results of the CART analysis, it was determined that the most important factor affecting the annual income level of female working in the cotton harvest is the annual working period and the education level of the children. In the probit model, which predicts whether female working in the cotton harvest business have children under the age of 18, the employee's nationality other than the Turkish Republic, the number of children under the age of 18 working in the cotton harvest business, and the probability of the children of those with social security other than SSI (green card, etc.) increases, the probability of being married decreases. It can be suggested that female working in the cotton harvest in Mardin and their children under the age of 18 can become SSI employees, raise their living standards, and improve social, accommodation and nutrition education conditions.

Triticale (xTriticosecale Wittmack) is a grain used in animal feed and is known for its high efficiency, high nutritional quality and resistance to stress factors. Triticale is an alternative plant used for the utilization of marginal areas due to these properties. This study was carried out at three different locations in Erzincan and Muş province and Pasinler districts of Erzurum province. Two candidate line and registered triticale varieties (Umranhanım) and 22 triticale lines in the advanced breeding stage were assessed comparatively in terms of efficiency yield and cold resistance parameters. According to the results of this study, Candidate-2 and Line (1, 6, 8, 11, 15, 17, and 18) genotypes were the prominent genotypes in terms of yield. In addition, low precipitation in May and June caused serious losses in yield. Because this period is the pollination period for grains in the Eastern Anatolia Region. Additional irrigation may be recommended in years when precipitation in this period is insufficient. In addition, it has been concluded that it is important to include cold test studies in breeding programs in regions where winter damage is experienced intensively as well as included in the selections.

Aquaculture production is increasing day by day to meet the protein need of the global population. Various feed additives are used in aquaculture to enhance growth, stimulate immunity, prevent diseases, and strengthen the antioxidant status of fish. Phytochemicals attract attention among these feed additives. As phytochemicals are natural products, they are considered to be safe for fish, humans, and the environment. In this paper, we reviewed recent studies that utilize phytochemicals as feed additives in cultured fish species. In agreement with the available literature, we inferred that phytochemicals could be used in aquaculture. However, as some studies reported undesirable effects on growth, we believe that phytochemicals are more effective in immunostimulation and enhancing antioxidant status rather than growth-promoting. Possible reasons for growth retardation were emphasized. Although available evidence suggests that phytochemicals display beneficial effects, we discussed the possible use of phytochemical combinations to obtain even more desirable results. To conclude, we think that phytochemicals can exert synergistic effects, and this approach should be investigated in future studies.